Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) belongs to the Bunyaviridae virus family. CCHF spreads to humans either by tick bites, or through contact with affected animal tissues immediately after slaughter. Person-to-person transmission of CCHF has occurred in health care settings after exposure to blood and secretions of infected patients. 
 

Communicable, or infectious diseases, are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi that can be spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another. Some are transmitted through bites from insects while others are caused by ingesting contaminated food or water.

A variety of disease-producing bacteria and viruses are carried in the mouth, nose, throat and respiratory tract. Conditions such as leprosy, tuberculosis (TB) and different strains of influenza (flu) can be spread by coughing, sneezing, and saliva or mucus on unwashed hands.