Violence and Injuries are a major public health problem and cause death and harm to several million people each year. However events which result in injury are not random or unpredictable.

Traffic crashes, falls, burns and acts of violence such as child abuse, youth violence, intimate partner violence, and war and conflict are the main causes of injuries. Violence and injuries place heavy burdens on individuals, their families, their communities and the countries in which they live. However most of these are preventable.

A vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease. A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins or one of its surface proteins. The agent stimulates the body's immune system to recognize the agent as foreign, destroy it, and "remember" it, so that the immune system can more easily recognize and destroy any of these microorganisms that it later encounters.